El PAST PERFECT SIMPLE se usa para:
1. Hablar de
una acción del pasado que tuvo lugar antes que otra.
Por ejemplo: He had finished his work when Alice arrived. ( El
había acabado su trabajo cuando Alicia llegó).
2. Con el
adverbio JUST para hablar de una acción que acaba de ocurrir.
Por ejemplo: When she
arrived, the boys had just gone to bed. (Cuando
ella llegó, los chicos de acababan de ir a dormir.
Para conjugar el PAST PERFECT SIMPLE, existe una fórmula, que
es la siguiente:
PRONOMBRE + HAD + PARTICIPIO
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Hasta ahora no hemos hablado de los participios, pero solo
hace falta saber que hay de dos tipos, irregulares i regulares. Para hacer el
participio de los verbos regulares solo tenemos que añadir al infinitivo la
terminación –ed. Los verbos irregulares son más difíciles, porque cada uno se
conjuga a su manera. Lo encontrareis todo en la lista de verbos irregulares del
blog.
Ahora veremos algunas frases en past perfect simple de
ejemplo:
Yo
|
había
|
cocinado
|
I
|
had
|
cooked (regular)
|
Tú
|
habías
|
hablado
|
You
|
had
|
spoken (irregular)
|
Él
|
había
|
bailado
|
He
|
had
|
danced (regular)
|
Ella
|
había
|
cantado
|
She
|
had
|
sung (irregular)
|
Nosotros
|
habíamos
|
jugado
|
We
|
had
|
played (regular)
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PRACTIQUEMOS…
Traduce
las siguientes frases en inglés en present perfect simple:
Yo
había jugado a fútbol
|
|
Tú
habías bailado siempre
|
|
Él
había viajado por el mundo
|
|
Ella
había comido mucho
|
|
Eso
había cambiado
|
|
Nosotros
habíamos cantado
|
|
Vosotros
habíais vivido en América
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|
Ellos
habían corrido siempre.
|
|
Veamos
cómo ha ido el ejercicio anterior…
Yo
había jugado a fútbol
|
I had played football.
|
Tú
habías bailado siempre
|
You had always danced.
|
Él
había viajado por el mundo
|
He had travelled around the world.
|
Ella
había comido mucho
|
She had eaten a lot.
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Eso
había cambiado
|
It had changed.
|
Nosotros
habíamos cantado
|
We had sung.
|
Vosotros
habíais vivido en América
|
You had lived in America.
|
Ellos
habían corrido siempre.
|
They had always run.
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Para
hacer la INTERROGATIVA I LA NEGATIVA, no necesitamos ningún verbo auxiliar, lo
único que tenemos que hacer es lo siguiente:
Para la
INTERROGATIVA:
Lo único
que tenemos que hacer es girar el pronombre y el verbo TO HAVE, como en el siguiente
ejemplo:
Afirmativa
|
You
|
had
|
studied
|
Interrogativa
|
Had
|
you
|
studied?
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Para la
NEGATIVA:
Tenemos
que añadir NOT después del verbo HAD, como en el ejemplo siguiente:
Afirmativa
|
You
|
had
|
studied
|
Negativa
|
You
|
had not
|
studied?
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También
existen formas abreviadas, para hablar de forma más coloquial, que son las
siguientes:
Afirmativa
|
You
|
had
|
studied
|
Negativa
|
You
|
hadn’t
|
studied?
|
|
|
|
|
Afirmativa
|
He
|
had
|
studied
|
Negativa
|
He
|
hadn’t
|
studied?
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PRACTIQUEMOS…
Pon las
siguientes frases en interrogativa i negativa:
I had played football
|
Interrogativa
|
|
Negativa
|
|
|
You had always danced
|
Interrogativa
|
|
Negativa
|
|
|
He had travelled around the world.
|
Interrogativa
|
|
Negativa
|
|
|
She had eaten a lot.
|
Interrogativa
|
|
Negativa
|
|
|
It had changed.
|
Interrogativa
|
|
Negativa
|
|
|
We had sung.
|
Interrogativa
|
|
Negativa
|
|
|
You had lived in America.
|
Interrogativa
|
|
Negativa
|
|
|
They had always run.
|
Interrogativa
|
|
Negativa
|
|
Veamos
cómo ha ido el ejercicio anterior…
I had played football
|
Interrogativa
|
Had I played
football?
|
Negativa
|
I had not
played football. // I hadn’t played football.
|
|
You had always danced
|
Interrogativa
|
Had you
always danced?
|
Negativa
|
You had not
always danced. // You hadn’t always danced.
|
|
He had travelled around the world.
|
Interrogativa
|
Had he
travelled around the world?
|
Negativa
|
He had not
travelled around the world. // He hadn’t travelled around the world.
|
|
She had eaten a lot.
|
Interrogativa
|
Had she eaten
a lot?
|
Negativa
|
She had not
eaten a lot. // She hadn’t eaten a lot.
|
|
It had changed.
|
Interrogativa
|
Had it
changed?
|
Negativa
|
It had not
changed. // It hadn’t changed.
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We had sung.
|
Interrogativa
|
Had we sung?
|
Negativa
|
We had not
sung. // We hadn’t sung.
|
|
You had lived in America.
|
Interrogativa
|
Had you lived
in America?
|
Negativa
|
You had not
lived in America. // You hadn’t lived in America.
|
|
They had always run.
|
Interrogativa
|
Had They
always run?
|
Negativa
|
They had not
always run. // They hadn’t always run.
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